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# Electroneutrality condition

## The law

All aqueous ionic solution are electrically neutral: The number of positive elementary charges is equal to the number of negative elementary charges.

In all aqueous solutions: Number of positive elementary charges = number of negative elementary charges

## Comparison

Two people have the same amount of money, one has $n_1$ 1 Euro coins and $n_2$ 2 Euro coins , the other $n_5$ 5 Euro bills.. So we have: $1$$\cdot n_1\;+\;$$2$$\cdot n_2\;=\;$$5$$\cdot n_5$

## Examples

1) Aqueous solution of sodium chloride This solution contains the ions $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ from the dissociation of the salt and the ions $H_3O^+$ and $OH^-$ from the autoprotolysis of water: Electroneutrality condition: $[Na^+]$ $+$ $[H_3O^+]$ $=$ $[Cl^-]$ $+$ $[OH^-]$ 2) Aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid This solution contains ions $H_3O^+$ from the ionization of the acid and the autoprotolysis of the water, the ion $Cl^-$ from the ionization of the acid and the ions $OH^-$ from the autoprotolysis of water: Electroneutrality condition: $[H_3O^+]$ $=$ $[Cl^-]$ $+$ $[OH^-]$ 3) Aqueous solution of calcium bromide This solution contains the ions $Ca^{2+}$ and $Br^-$ from the dissociation of the salt and the ions $H_3O^+$ and $OH^-$ from the autoprotolysis of water: Electroneutrality condition: 2 $[Ca^{2+}]$ $+$ $[H_3O^+]$ $=$ $[Br^-]$ $+$ $[OH^-]$ 4) Magnesium bromide dissolved in a solution of hydrochloric acid Electroneutrality condition: 2 $[Mg^{2+}]$ $+$ $[H_3O^+]$ $=$ $[Br^-]$ $+$ $[Cl^-]$ $+$ $[OH^-]$