Calculate the volume of a 36 % ($\rho_S=$ 1.2202 $\frac{g}{mL}$) solution $S$ of nitric acid
that must be diluted in a volumetric flask $j$ of 1000 $mL$ in order to obtain a solution with $pH$ = 1.88
$HNO_3$: strong acid
Final solution:
$c$ $=$ $10^{-pH}$ =
$10^{-1.88}$ =
0.19 $\frac{mol}{L}$
$n_{HNO_3}$ =
$c_{HNO_3}\cdot V_{j}$ =
0.19$\cdot$1 =
0.19$\;mol$
The initial concentrated solution had the same number of moles:
Initial solution $S$:
$m_{HNO_3}$ =
$n_{HNO_3}\cdot M_{HNO_3}$ =
0.19$\cdot$63.02 =
11.974$\;g$
$m_S$ =
$\frac{m_{HNO_3}\cdot 100}{\%_S}$ =
$\frac{11.974\cdot 100}{36}$ =
33.261$\;g$
$V_S$ =
$\frac{m_S}{\rho_S}$ =
$\frac{11.974}{1.2202}$ =
9.813$\;mL$
