Identify possible nucleophiles:
| $H_2O$ | yes, electron pairs on O |
| $NH_3$ | yes, electron pair on N |
| $SeO_3$ | no, no electron pair on Se |
| $NH_2^-$ | yes, electron pair on N, charge - on N |
| $H\cdot$ | no, $e^-$ solitairy, no electron pair |
| $RNH_2$ | yes, electron pair on N, effet I+ of R |
| $PO_2^+$ | no, charge 2+ on P |
| $I^-$ | yes, electron pairs, charge -, size |
| $CN^-$ | yes, electron pair on C, charge - on C |
| $AlCl_3$ | no, no electron pair on Al |
Identify possible electrophilic centers:
| $CH_4$ | no for C, $\Delta E_n$ too weak |
| $CH_3Cl$ | yes for C, $\;^{\delta +}C-Cl^{\delta -}$, leaving $Cl^-$ stable |
| $CH_3I$ | yes for C, $\Delta E_n$ feeble, but leaving $I^-$ big and stable |
| $CH_3Li$ | no for C, because $Li^+ \; CH_3^-$ |
| $CH_3OH_2^+$ | yes for C, because + on O $\rightarrow \; e^-$ subtracted from C |
| $RCHO$ | yes for C, because $\;^{\delta +}C=O^{\delta -}$ |
Click on the species represented to know whether or not they can be considered as nucleophiles!
Finish please this question before moving on to the next one:
