The nomenclature of non-cyclic alkanesDefinitionNon-cyclic alkanes are carbon and hydrogen compounds without cycles or multiple bonds. The structure of a namePrefixes-Root-aneThe root
The root is formed by the main chain which is the longest chain of C atoms.
1 atome C: ....meth....
2 atomes C: ....eth....
3 atomes C: ....prop....
4 atomes C: ....but....
5 atomes C: ....pent....
6 atomes C: ....hex....
7 atomes C: ....hept....
8 atomes C: ....oct....
9 atomes C: ....non....
10 atomes C: ....dec....Prefixes
The side chains are prefixed.
Their nomenclature is the same as for the main root, except the suffix - yl .
The numbering of their attachment position to the main chain is done in such a way that the number formed by the ranked indices in ascending order is as small as possible.
-Several identical side chains are preceded by
Di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, oct-, nona-, deca- ...
Draw the skeletal (bond-line, zig-zag) formulas the following molecules:
(A) 4-isopropylheptane (B) 6-ethyl-5-isobutyl-3-isopropyl-2-methyloctane (C) 6-isoamylundecane (D) 5-isopropyl-2,3-dimethyloctane (E) 7-isopropyl-5-(1,2-dimethylpropyl)-3,6-dimethyldecane (F) 4-(methylethyl)heptane (G) 6-ethyl-5-(2-methylpropyl)-3-(methylethyl)-2-methyloctane (H) 6-(3-methylbutyl)undecane (I) 5-(methylethyl)-2,3-dimethyloctane (J) 7-(methylethyl)-5-(1,2-dimethylpropyl)-3,6-dimethyldecane
1. clears the editing area (or the current molecule, if structure contains several parts)
2. delete mode (click on atom or bond to delete it)
3. switches between allowed charged states on clicked atom
4. undo
5. redo
6. opens functional group popup menu
7. Carbon chains
8. Frequent atoms
9. Other atoms
To change an atom, select the location and type the symbol (useful for H we want to represent explicitly eg on an asymmetrical C atom)
