Determination of the molecular formula of alcohols
Exercise 5
$0.704\;g $ of a saturated aliphatic primary mono-alcohol is quantitatively oxidized to carboxylic acid. This acid is titrated by exactly $20\;mL\;NaOH\;O.4 M $
1) Determine the molecular formula of this alcohol!
2) Give the semi-structural formula knowing that it is optically active!
3) Represent the structural formula of the R enantiomer!
1)
Titration:
$n_{NaOH}$ $=$ $0.2\cdot 0.040$ $=$ $0.008 \;mol $ =
$n_{acide}$
Oxidation:
As the oxidation is quantitative,
$n_{alcool}$ $=$ $n_{acide}$ $=$ $0.008 \;mol$
$M_{alcool}$ $=$ $\frac{0.704}{0.008}$ $=$ $88 \frac{g}{mol}$
General formula:
Saturated aliphatic primary mono-alcohol: $C_nH_{2n+2}O$
$12n$ $+$ $2n$ $+$ $2$ $+$ $16$ $=$ $88$
$n=5$
Molecular formula:
$C_5H_{12}O$
2)
Only possibility because of the optical activity:
$CH_3CH_2C^*H(CH_3)CH_2OH$
3)
(R)-2-methylbutan-1-ol