Determination of molecular formulas
Exercise 1
A non-cyclic organic substance has only one carboxylic acid function. its molar mass is $144\;\frac{g}{mol}$.
Find its molecular formula.
1st method:
General molecular formula::
$C_nH_{2n}O_2$
$12n$ $+$ $2n$ $+$ $2\cdot 16$ $=$ $144$
$n$ $=$ $8$
$C_8H_{16}O_2$
2nd method:
General molecular formula::
$C_nH_{2n+1}COOH$
$12n$ $+$ $2n$ $+$ $1$ $+$ $12$ $+$ $2\cdot 16$ $ +$ $1$ $=$ $144$
$n$ $=$ $7$
$C_7H_{15}COOH$
(Good method only for simple substances!)