Determination of the molecular formula by the percentage of elements and the molar mass
Exercise 2
A substance has a molar mass of $M=183.18\frac{g}{mol}$. It contains $45.90\% \; C$. $26.20\% \; O$. $2.75\% \; H$. $17.50\% \; S$. and $7.65\% \; N$.
Find its molecular formula.
One mole of the substance contains:
$0.4590\cdot 183.18=\; 84.1g \; C$ =
$\frac{84.1}{12.0}= 7\; mol C$
$0.2620\cdot 183.18=\; 48.0 g \; O$ =
$\frac{48.0}{16.0} = 3\; mol O$
$0.0275\cdot 183.18=\; 5.0 g \; H$ =
$\frac{5.0}{1.0} = 5\; mol H$
$0.175\cdot 183.18=\; 32.0 g \; S$ =
$\frac{32.0}{32.0} = 1\; mol S$
$0.0765\cdot 183.18=14.0\; g \; N$ =
$\frac{14.0}{14.0} = 1\; mol N$
Molecular formula: $C_7H_5O_3NS$