Die Bildungsenthalpie

Die Bildungsenthalpie einer chemischen Spezies ist die Enthalpievariation der Reaktion, bei der diese Spezies von den gängigen Elementarsubstanzen her gebildet wird

 

Spezies $\Delta H_f\; in\; kJ$ $25^oC$ $1\; bar$
Aluminium Al(s) 0
Al(g) 326,4
Al3+(g) 5483,17
Al3+(aq) -531
Al2O3(s) -1675,7
AlCl3(s) -704,2
Antimon Sb(s) 0
SbH3(g) 145,11
Silber Ag(s) 0
Ag(g) 284,55
Ag+(aq) 105,58
AgBr(s) -100,37
AgCl(s) -127,07
Ag2O(s) -31,05
AgNO3(s) -124,39
Arsen As(s) 0
AsH3(g) 66,44
Stickstoff N2(g) 0
N(g) 472,70
NO(g) 90,25
N2O(g) 82,05
NO2(g) 33,18
N2O4(g) 9,16
N2O5(s) -43,1
N2O5(g) 11,3
HNO3(l) -174,10
HNO3(aq) -207,36
NO3 -(aq) -205,0
NH3(g) -46,11
NH3(aq) -80,29
NH4 +(aq) -132,51
NH2OH(s) -114,2
HN3(l) 264,0
HN3(g) 294,1
N2H4(l) 50,63
NH4NO3(s) -365,56
NH4Cl(s) -314,43
NF3(g) -113
Barium Ba(s) 0
Ba2+(aq) -537,64
BaO(s) -553,5
BaCl2(s) -858,6
Brom Br2(l) 0
Br2(g) 30,907
Br(g) 111,88
Br -(g) 219,07
Br -(aq) -121,55
HBr(g) -36,40
Cadmium Cd(s) 0
Cd(g) 112,01
Cd2+(aq) -75,90
CdO(s) -258,2
CdCO3(s) -750,6
Cesium Cs(s) 0
Cs(g) 76,06
Cs+(aq) -258,28
Calcium Ca(s) 0
Ca(g) 178,2
Ca2+(aq) -542,83
CaO(s) -635,09
CaCO3(s) calcite -1128,8
CaCO3(s) aragonite -1127,8
CaF2(s) -1167,3
CaCl2(s) -748,1
CaBr2(s) -682,8
CaSO4(s) -1433
Ca3(PO4)2(s) -4126
Kohlenstoff 0
C(g) 716,68
CO(g) -110,53
CO2(g) -393,51
CO2(aq) -413,80
H2CO3(aq) -699,65
HCO3 -(aq) -691,99
CO3 2-(aq) -677,14
CCl4(l) -135,44
CS2(l) -89,70
HCN (g) 135,1
HCN (l) 108,87
CN -(aq) 150,6
CH4(g) Methan -75
C2H2(g) Ethin 226,73
C2H4(g) Ethen 52,26
C2H6(g) Ethan -84,68
C3H6(g) Propen 20,42
C3H6(g) Cyclopropan 53,30
C3H8(g) Propan -103,85
C4H10(g) Butan -126,15
C5H12(g) Pentan -146,44
C5H12(l) Pentan -46,44
C6H6(g) Benzol 82,93
C6H6(l) Benzol 49,0
C6H12(l) Cyclohexan -156
C6H14(l) Hexan -156
C7H16(g) Heptan -224,4
C8H18(l) Octan -249,9
CH3OH(l) Methanol -238,66
CH3OH(g) Methanol -200,66
C2H5OH(l) Ethanol -277,69
C2H5OH(g) Ethanol -235,10
C6H5OH(s) Phenol -165,0
HCHO(g) Methanal -108,57
CH3CHO(l) Ethanal -192,30
CH3CHO(g) Ethanal -166,19
CH3COCH3(l) Propanon -248,1
HCOOH(l) Ameisensäure -424,72
CH3COOH(l) Essigsäure -484,5
CH3COOH(aq) Essigsäure -485,76
CH3COO -(aq) Ethanoat -486,01
HOOCCOOH (s) Oxalsäure -827,2
C6H5COOH(s) Benzoesäàure -385,1
CH3CH(OH)COOH(s) Milchsäure -694,0
CH3COOC2H5 Ethylethanoat -479,0
Chlor Cl2(g) 0
Cl(g) 121,68
Cl -(g) -233,13
HCl(g) -92,31
HCl(aq) -167,16
Chrom Cr(s) 0
Cr(g) 396,6
CrO4 2-(aq) -881,15
Cr2O7 2-(aq) -1490,3
Kupfer Cu(s) 0
Cu(g) 338,32
Cu+(aq) -71,67
Cu2+(aq) 64,77
Cu2O(s) -168,6
CuO(s) -157,3
CuSO4(s) -771,36
CuSO4·H2O(s) -1085,8
CuSO4·5H2O(s) -2279,7
Zinn Sn(s) 0
Sn(g) 302,1
Sn2+(aq) -8,8
SnO(s) -285,8
SnO2(s) -580,7
Eisen Fe(s) 0
Fe(g) 416,3
Fe2+(aq) -89,1
Fe3+(aq) -48,5
Fe2O3(s) -824,2
Fe3O4(s) -1118,4
FeS(s) -100,0
FeS2(s) -178,2
Fluor F2(g) 0
F(g) 78,99
F -(aq) -332,63
HF(g) -271,1
Wasserstoff H2(g) 0
H(g) 217,97
H+(aq) 0
H2O(g) -241,82
H2O(l) -285,83
H2O2(l) -187,78
Iod I2(s) 0
I2(g) 62,44
I(g) 106,84
I -(aq) -55,19
HI(g) 26,48
Lithium Li(s) 0
Li(g) 159,37
Li+(aq) -278,49
Magnesium Mg(s) 0
Mg(g) 113,10
Mg2+(aq) -466,85
MgO(s) -601,70
MgCO3(s) -1095,8
MgCl2(s) -641,32
Mg(OH)2(s) -925
Quecksiber Hg(l) 0
Hg(g) 61,32
Hg2+(aq) 171,1
Hg22+(s) 172,4
HgO(s) -90,83
Hg2Cl2(s) -265,22
HgCl2(s) -224,3
HgS(s) -53,6
Gold Au(s) 0
Au(g) 366,1
Sauerstoff O2(g) 0
O(g) 249,17
O3(g) 142,7
OH -(aq) -229,99
Phosphor P4(s) 0
P(g) 314,64
P4(g) 58,91
PH3(g) 5,4
PCl3(g) -287,0
PCl3(l) -319,7
PCl5(g) -374,9
PCl5(s) -443,5
H3PO3(s) -964,4
H3PO3(aq) -964,8
H3PO4(s) -1279,0
H3PO4(l) -1266,9
H3PO4(aq) -1277,4
PO4 3-(aq) -1279,0
P4O10(s) -2984,0
Blei Pb(s) 0
Pb(g) 195,0
Pb2+(aq) -1,7
PbO(s) -218,99
PbO2(s) -277,4
Kalium K(s) 0
K(g) 89,24
K+(g) 514,26
K+(aq) -252,38
KOH(s) -424,76
KF(s) -567,27
KCl(s) -436,75
KBr(s) -393,80
KI(s) -327,90
Silicium Si(s) 0
Si(g) 455,6
SiO2(s) -910,94
SiCl4(l) -687
Natrium Na(s) 0
Na(g) 107,32
Na+(aq) -240,12
NaOH(s) -425,61
NaCl(s) -411,15
NaBr(s) -361,06
NaI(s) -287,78
Schwefel S8(s) 0
S(g) 278,81
S2(g) 128,37
S 2-(aq) 33,1
SO2(g) -296,83
SO3(g) -395,72
H2SO4(l) -813,99
H2SO4(aq) -909,27
SO4 2-(aq) -909,27
HSO4 -(aq) -887,34
H2S(g) -20,63
H2S(aq) -39,7
HS -(aq) -17,6
SF6(g) -1209
Zink Zn(s) 0
Zn(g) 130,73
Zn2+(aq) -153,89
ZnO(s) -348,28

nach: P.W. Atkins, Physical Chemistry, fourth edition, Oxford University Press, 1990, ISBN 0-19-855283-1